Introduction

Howler monkeys are one of the most fascinating species, known for their powerful howls. At Natuwa Sanctuary, we are dedicated to rescuing and rehabilitating these fantastic animals in emergencies. Generally, the howler monkeys that come to us have suffered electrocutions while moving between fragmented forest areas using power lines in their search for food and shelter, which is a common problem in areas such as Costa de Pájaros, Aranjuez and Miramar de Puntarenas, among other communities where these “popular singers” live. In addition, howler monkeys are also threatened due to the impact of roads; they run over when they try to cross, and dogs attack some. These monkeys live near human settlements and have adapted to urban areas. It can be said then that howler monkeys suffer due to the disturbance caused by humans in their natural habitat. Hopefully, their loud howl will make people fall in love and want to protect their natural habitat.

For about 25 years, when we arrived at the current property of the Natuwa Wildlife Sanctuary, there were few trees or vegetation. By 2024, thanks to our ecological restoration efforts, the sanctuary land has been transformed into a safe haven for howler monkeys inhabiting the Aranjuez de Puntarenas community. We have worked hard to plant native local trees with the help of volunteers to improve the habitat. As a result of these efforts, we currently have a troop of about 30 individuals and other surrounding troops who respect each other’s territories.

These monkeys delight us with their presence in the sanctuary. Often, around noon, they can be seen on a tree called Indian Pride (approximately 30 meters tall) near the Natuwa reception, seemingly taking a nap all the monkeys with their bellies down, which enchants both tourists and Natuwa workers. During the rainy season, their behaviors are even more fascinating. When there is thunder and lightning, they begin to “sing” to the rhythm of the rain, sometimes even in the early morning. For us, this is music to our ears. We can say that inhabiting the sanctuary and listening to its howls in the early mornings, especially during the rain, is a relaxing and almost magical experience.

In addition, we have learned to interpret the sounds of howler monkeys. Their howls are not only a form of communication between them but also serve as alarms for the humans who inhabit the sanctuary, telling us that something is happening. Their howls have taught us to be attentive to their surroundings and to understand their needs and behaviors better.

General Information About Howler Monkeys

Howler monkeys are known for their powerful howls, which can be heard from miles away. These howls serve multiple purposes, from marking territory to communicating with other members of the group. The howler monkey uses these sounds to hold its group together and scare away potential intruders. The strength and distinctiveness of the monkey’s howl fascinates tourists and plays a crucial role in the monkeys’ daily lives.

In Costa Rica, the howler monkey is an iconic species frequently encountered by locals and visitors alike. The howling of the monkey at dawn or dusk is a common experience for those who live near their habitats. Understanding the importance of these sounds is vital to their preservation.

Behavior and Habitat

The howler monkeys, as they are sometimes called, are also known for their distinctive calls. The sounds of howler monkeys are unmistakable and are part of the identity of these primates. The howl of the howler monkey is a spectacle that reflects its complex social structure. In Costa Rica, the howler monkey symbolizes the country’s rich biodiversity and can be found in various regions, from tropical forests to areas near human settlements.

The noise of the howler monkey varies depending on the situation; They can emit different types of howls depending on the message they want to convey. For example, a loud, prolonged howl could be a territorial call from a male, while shorter, softer howls could be used to communicate within the group. Females emit high-pitched sounds, especially in dry seasons such as January, February, and March. We believe they are part of their reproductive behaviors, showing males they are ready to mate. Meanwhile, the males shake branches and are muscular and imposing, making a real “revelry.” This understanding helps us create environments that meet your wild and wildlife sanctuary needs.

Howler monkeys are mainly found in the forests of Central and South America, and they play a significant role in the ecosystem, collaborating with the health of the forest. They are known to live in groups and have a strict social hierarchy. The howler monkey often moves between the treetops, looking for food. They mainly eat leaves, fruits, and flowers, making them vital for seed dispersal in their habitats.

Tropa of Monkeys in the Free in Natuwa

It is essential to mention that at the Natuwa Shrine, we do not have howler monkeys in captivity. The troop of monkeys living in the sanctuary do so naturally, thanks to the trees we have planted over the years. Visitors should not expect to find howler monkeys in captivity but enjoy those in the wild.

These monkeys move around the sanctuary property and often coincide with visitors when they are resting in some of the sanctuary’s essential trees. Howler monkeys use these trees to rest at certain times of the day.

As a visitor, if you arrive and see the howler monkeys, you should not emit their sounds. It is a bad practice because the animal will become stressed when it feels invaded. Remember that we are in a sanctuary, a place of refuge and protection. Therefore, we recommend that, if you visit the sanctuary and see the troop of howler monkeys, do not make noise to them. Don’t imitate the noises they make so you don’t stress them out.

Problems and Rescue

Unfortunately, howler monkeys face numerous threats. The howler monkey’s cry is often the result of stress, such as encounters with predators or humans. At Natuwa Shrine, we receive monkeys that have been electrocuted, run over, or attacked by dogs. We also work closely with law enforcement, who frequently encounter injured monkeys near roads. This year, six howler monkeys have been cared for. Unfortunately, four did not survive, and two babies have been transferred to facilities for rehabilitation.

The sounds of howlers and understanding why howler monkeys are essential aspects that help us better understand these animals and their needs. Providing specialized care, we work diligently to ensure that they can be released back into the wild.

Dog attacks are another significant threat. These incidents harm young howler monkeys, which are more vulnerable. We have had cases where mothers were electrocuted, leaving behind orphaned babies. These orphans require extensive care and rehabilitation before they can be considered for release.

Another critical aspect is the runover. Many howler monkeys are hit by vehicles while trying to cross roads that intersect their habitats. This is where our collaboration with local authorities becomes crucial. Law enforcement often rescues injured monkeys and brings them to us for immediate medical attention.

How You Can Help

Your support is crucial to continue our mission to rescue and rehabilitate howler monkeys in Costa Rica. You can help through donations, volunteering, or even visiting the sanctuary. Every contribution counts and helps provide a better future for these amazing animals.

Knowing more about the nature of the Costa Rica howler monkey may inspire more people to get involved. For example, learning about the role of the howler monkey, its role in the ecosystem, and its unique behaviors helps us make decisions about the conservation of its species. The Costa Rica howler monkey is essential to the country’s wildlife and needs our protection.

Conclusion

The Natuwa Sanctuary cares for howler monkeys that face various threats in their natural habitat and enter emergency conditions. In addition, we contribute to restoring their habitat, and if you visit our Sanctuary in Aranjuez de Puntarenas, do not disturb our natural residents; Natuwa is their home. Instead, you can help. Your support can make a difference in the lives of these animals. Consider donating, volunteering, or simply sharing this information to raise awareness. Together, we can secure a better future for howler monkeys and prevent them from continuing to howl for help.